Best Programming language in 2023

A programming language is a method of communication that people use to tell computers how to execute specific jobs. These languages produce programmes that do certain tasks using a specific coding syntax. There are lots of programming language and students are often confused among various programming languages. here we have curated list of Best programming language and their carrier prospective also.

1) Python

Python is one of the most popular programming languages. Around 80% of developers Use Python as their main programming language. It would be the best programming language to learn first because it is very approachable. The extensive availability of libraries in python makes lengthy and big code small and readable. It is fast, easy-to-use & an easy-to-deploy programming language that is widely used to develop scalable web applications.

Pros

Most Lucrative language
Easy to learn and use, fast to code
Extensive libraries & frameworks
Support Various applications, platforms & systems
Classes & Object are easy to use due to OOPS
Ideal for building prototypes, opensource & testing out ideas faster

Cons

Slow because of interpreted programming language
the problem in Threading is due to the average GL(Collobal interpreter lock)
Not ideal for mobile computing
The database access layer is immature

Career prospects - High volume of job openings because a lot of startups use python as their primary backend stack. If you see your career in data science or AI & ML industry, you certainly have to learn python. It can be used in various other fields as well like Web development, Game Development, Data visualization, etc.

2) JAVA

Java is a popular language in organizations and has remained so far. It is widely used in making large scale web applications known to be extremely stable, it is also used for software development role, java is widely used for android development, Java will be a great language that should be learned.

Pros

Supports multithreading
A large number of open-source libraries
OOP paradigm
automatic memory allocation and garbage collection
stack allocation system
JVM feature
Offers API

Cons

Expensive memory management
Slower than natively compiled programming languages like C/C++
Limits in creating the quality data structure

Career prospects - Excellent, as much large companies use it.

3) C/C++

C and C++ have a significant number of developers. Almost all low-level systems, like operating systems, file systems, etc, are written in C/C++. It is a system-level program.

C++ is used in competitive programming only reason behind this i.e, it's extremely fast and stable. It has an STL-standard template library. it is ready to use the library for various data structures, arithmetic operations, and algorithms. The library support and speed of the language make it a popular choice in the high-frequency trading community as well.

Pros

Numbers of function library
Faster execution of programs
basis for understanding more complex programming languages
Language of choice for multi-device
variety of application domains, such as games, GUI applications
Support exception handling and function overloading

Cons

Complex syntax
Less efficient object-oriented system compared to other OOP-based programming languages
No garbage collection or dynamic memory allocation
No run-time checking
Plagued by the issues of buffer overflow and memory corruption

Career prospects - Good, although it is not the most common job opening.

4) C#

C# is a general-purpose programming language developed by Microsoft. It is used in backend programming, building games (using Unity) , Windows mobile phone apps, and lots of other use cases. If you want to build desktop applications, then you should learn it.

Pros

New and safe pointer
Automatic scalable and updateable
Component-oriented, object-oriented programming language
Similar to c programming language
Integrated with .NET library
Ideal for windows development
Quick compilation and execution times

Cons

Variables are reference
Memory deallocation is implicit using a garbage collector
Less flexibility
Requires some effort and time to learn
Resolving errors requires serious expertise and knowledge

Career prospects - Not as good as the others, as it isn’t in demand

5) Swift

Swift is a programming language that is used to develop iOS applications. iOS-based devices are becoming increasingly popular.

The Apple iPhone has captured a significant share of the mobile market. if iOS development is your alley, then you should learn Swift.

Pros

Backed by Apple
Automatic memory management
Easy to add new features
clean and readable code
Interoperable with Objective-C
integrate Server-side Swift with any technology
faster when used for both frontend and backend development

Cons

Limited support and resources
used only for ios7 or later apps
No support for a legacy project

Career prospects: Excellent, especially as the iOS app field grows.

6) PHP

PHP is one of the most popular backend programming languages. The market needs a large number of PHP developers. If you want to join a well-established organization as a backend developers do consider learning PHP programming.

Pros

Powerful frameworks
huge community support and ecosystem
object-oriented and functional programming paradigms
First-class debugging with Xdebug
Lots of automation tools for testing and deploying applications
a good number of automation tools for deployment and testing

Cons

Developing websites completely in PHP is slower
Lacks in terms of security
poor error handling

Career prospects - Excellent, with a large number of opportunities available.

7) R

The R programming language is one of the most commonly used languages for data analysis and machine learning. It provides an excellent framework and built-in libraries to develop powerful machine learning algorithms & also uses them in statistical computing. If you want to work in analytics you should learn R.